For which group is the Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPSV23) indicated as a total of 2 doses 5 years apart?

The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPSV23) is specifically recommended for individuals who are at increased risk for pneumococcal disease, including those younger than 65 years who have certain risk factors such as immunosuppression. For these individuals, administering two doses separated by five years helps enhance and prolong the immune response, ensuring better protection against pneumococcal infections.

Immunosuppressed individuals may include those with conditions like HIV, cancers, or those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, which increases their susceptibility to infections. The two doses are crucial in providing a stronger, more sustained immune response in this vulnerable population.

In contrast, adults aged 65 and older and patients with chronic illnesses typically receive one dose without the need for a second dose under normal circumstances, as their risk factors are managed through the initial vaccination. Children under 2 years are generally not indicated to receive PPSV23 but rather receive the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV). Therefore, the indication for two doses five years apart is specifically tailored for patients younger than 65 with immunosuppression, highlighting the importance of protecting those who are most at risk for severe pneumococcal disease.